Difference between revisions of "Vnx-rootfscentos"

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(Created page with "{{Title|How to create a CentOS root filesystem for VNX}} == Basic installation == Follow this procedure to create a CentOS based root filesystem for VNX. The procedure has been...")
 
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{{Title|How to create a CentOS root filesystem for VNX}}
+
{{Title|How to create a KVM CentOS root filesystem for VNX}}
  
 
== Basic installation ==
 
== Basic installation ==
  
−
Follow this procedure to create a CentOS based root filesystem for VNX. The procedure has been tested with CentOS 5.6.
+
Follow this procedure to create a KVM CentOS based root filesystem for VNX. The procedure has been tested with CentOS 5.6, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5 and 7.0.
 
<ul>
 
<ul>
 
<li>Create the filesystem disk image:</li>
 
<li>Create the filesystem disk image:</li>
−
  qemu-img create -f qcow2 root_fs_centos-base.qcow2 5GB
+
  qemu-img create -f qcow2 vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2 20G
−
<li>Get CentOS installation DVD (use the complete DVD; do not use the Live version, as it seems the installation wizard does not include the customization menu). For example:</li>
+
<li>Get CentOS installation DVD (we recommend to use the complete DVD; the LiveDVD version does not include the customization menu to choose among different installation profiles: minimal, desktop, etc). For example:</li>
−
  wget http://ftp.gui.uva.es/sites/centos.org/5.6/isos/i386/CentOS-5.6-i386-bin-DVD.iso
+
  wget ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CentOS/X.X/isos/i386/CentOS-X.X-i386-bin-DVD1.iso
−
  cp CentOS-5.6-i386-bin-DVD.iso /almacen/iso
+
  cp CentOS-X.X-i386-bin-DVD1.iso /almacen/iso
−
<li>Create a libvirt XML definition (root_fs_centos.xml) containing the virtual machine description:</li>
+
Note: latests versions of CentOS are distributed in two DVDs. However, only the first DVD is needed for basic installations; no need to download DVD2.
−
<pre>
+
<li>Create the virtual machine with:</li>
−
<domain type='kvm'>
+
vnx --create-rootfs vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2 --install-media /almacen/iso/CentOS-X.X-i386-bin-DVD1.iso --mem 768M
−
  <name>CentOS</name>
+
 
−
  <memory>524288</memory>
+
Note: around 768M of memory are needed to use the graphical installation assistant. With the textual assistant the memory requirements are lower (known to work with 512M).  
−
  <vcpu>1</vcpu>
 
−
  <os>
 
−
    <type arch="i686">hvm</type>
 
−
    <boot dev='hd'/>
 
−
    <boot dev='cdrom'/>
 
−
  </os>
 
−
  <features>
 
−
    <pae/>
 
−
    <acpi/>
 
−
    <apic/>
 
−
  </features>
 
−
  <clock sync="localtime"/>
 
−
  <devices>
 
−
    <emulator>/usr/bin/kvm</emulator>
 
−
    <disk type='file' device='disk'>
 
−
      <source file='/usr/share/vnx/filesystems/root_fs_centos-base.qcow2'/>
 
−
      <target dev='hda'/>
 
−
    </disk>
 
−
    <disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
 
−
      <source file='/almacen/iso/CentOS-5.6-i386-bin-DVD.iso'/>
 
−
      <target dev='hdb'/>
 
−
    </disk>
 
−
    <interface type='network'>
 
−
      <source network='default'/>
 
−
    </interface>
 
−
    <serial type="pty">
 
−
      <target port="1"/>
 
−
    </serial>
 
−
    <console type="pty">
 
−
      <target port="1"/>
 
−
    </console>
 
−
    <graphics type='vnc'/>
 
−
  </devices>
 
−
</domain>
 
−
</pre>
 
−
Note: change "source file=" lines to whatever fits your case (use full paths).  
 
  
−
<li>Start the virtual machine with:</li>
+
Note: add '''"--arch x86_64"''' option for 64 bits virtual machines
−
virsh create root_fs_centos.xml
+
<li>Follow the CentOS installation assistant. At some point, you will have to choose among different system profiles: Desktop, Minimal Desktop, Minimal, Basic Server, etc.</li>
−
<li>Access virtual machine console with:</li>
+
<!--ul>
−
virt-viewer CentOS
 
−
<li>Follow CentOS installation menus to install:</li>
 
−
<ul>
 
 
<li>A "minimal" system, if you want a server rootfs without user interface</li>
 
<li>A "minimal" system, if you want a server rootfs without user interface</li>
 
<li>One of the other options (e.g "web server", "desktop system", etc) if you want a system with graphical user interface</li>
 
<li>One of the other options (e.g "web server", "desktop system", etc) if you want a system with graphical user interface</li>
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
 +
</ul-->
 +
 +
<li>Once the installation is finished and the installer asks for rebooting the system, just stop the virtual machine using "virsh destroy ..." command and continue with the configuration phase.</li>
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
  
Line 66: Line 30:
  
 
<ul>
 
<ul>
−
<li>Once installation is finished, configure the RPMForge repository following the procedure described [http://wiki.centos.org/AdditionalResources/Repositories/RPMForge?action=show&redirect=Repositories%2FRPMForge#head-5aabf02717d5b6b12d47edbc5811404998926a1b here]:</li>
+
<li>Restart the system with the following command:</li>
−
  wget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.i386.rpm
+
vnx --modify-rootfs vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2 --update-aced --mem 768M
 +
Note: ignore the errors "timeout waiting for response on VM socket".
 +
Note2: 768M are needed if you are installing a root filesystem with desktop interface; 512M are enough for a text version.
 +
<li>Configure the serial console:</li>
 +
<ul>
 +
<li>For CentOS 5.X and 6.X, following these [http://blog.zelut.org/2010/05/05/configure-serial-console-access-on-centos-5/ instructions].</li>
 +
<li>For CentOS 7.X, by executing:</li>
 +
grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="console=ttyS0"
 +
</ul>
 +
<li>Delete the net udev rules file and reboot the system:</li>
 +
rm /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
 +
halt
 +
<li>Once started, access the system through the text console to easy the copy-paste of commands:</li>
 +
virsh console vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2
 +
<li>Check that you have network connectivity. Maybe you have to activate the network interface by hand:</li>
 +
dhclient eth1
 +
Note: use "ip link show" to know which network interface to use.
 +
<!--li>Configure the RPMForge repository following the procedure described [http://www.tecmint.com/how-to-enable-epel-repository-for-rhel-centos-6-5/ here]:</li-->
 +
<!--
 +
yum install wget
 +
  wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.i686.rpm
 
  rpm --import http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
 
  rpm --import http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
−
  rpm -K rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.*.rpm
+
  rpm -K rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.*.rpm
−
  rpm -i rpmforge-release-0.5.2-2.el5.rf.*.rpm
+
  rpm -i rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.*.rpm
 +
 
 +
Note: change 'i686' by 'x86_64' for 64 bits root filesystems.
 +
-->
 +
<li>Install daemonize package (e.g. for CentOs 7; change url to whatever version corresponds):</li>
 +
yum install https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/daemonize/1.7.7/1.el7/x86_64/daemonize-1.7.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
 +
 
 
<li>Update the system and install additional packages</li>
 
<li>Update the system and install additional packages</li>
 
  yum update
 
  yum update
−
  yum install perl perl-XML-DOM perl-XML-Parser acpid
+
  yum install perl perl-XML-LibXML perl-NetAddr-IP acpid perl-Sys-Syslog
 +
Note: if you get a dependencies error when installing LibXML package, try installing 'perl-XML-SAX' package instead.
 +
 
 
<li>Install VNX autoconfiguration daemon:</li>
 
<li>Install VNX autoconfiguration daemon:</li>
−
<ul>
+
mount /dev/sdb /mnt/
 +
perl /mnt/vnxaced-lf/install_vnxaced
 +
<!--ul>
 
<li>From the host execute:</li>
 
<li>From the host execute:</li>
 
  /usr/share/vnx/bin/vnx_update_aced CentOS /usr/share/vnx/aced/vnx-aced-lf-0.1b.tgz  
 
  /usr/share/vnx/bin/vnx_update_aced CentOS /usr/share/vnx/aced/vnx-aced-lf-0.1b.tgz  
Line 82: Line 76:
 
  mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
 
  mount /dev/cdrom /media/cdrom
 
  perl /media/cdrom/install_vnxdaemon
 
  perl /media/cdrom/install_vnxdaemon
−
</ul>
+
</ul-->
−
<li>Configure the serial console following these [http://blog.zelut.org/2010/05/05/configure-serial-console-access-on-centos-5/ instructions].</li>
+
<!--li>Disable eth0 autoconfiguration to avoid delays at startup. Edit  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 file and change "ONBOOT" line to:</li>
−
<li>Disable the services you are not going to use (you can see the list of active services with "chkconfig --list"). For example to disable sendmail and bluetooth:</li>
 
−
chkconfig sendmail off
 
−
chkconfig bluetooth off
 
−
<li>Disable eth0 autoconfiguration to avoid delays at startup. Edit  /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 file and change "ONBOOT" line to:</li>
 
 
  ONBOOT=no
 
  ONBOOT=no
−
 
+
-->
 
<li>Optionally:</li>
 
<li>Optionally:</li>
 
<ul>
 
<ul>
−
<li>Disable the firewall. Firewall is enabled by default which could be problematic for testing purpose systems. If desired, disable it using the following command:</li>
+
<li>Disable the services you are not going to use to speed up the virtual machine startup (you can see the list of active services with "chkconfig --list"). For example to disable sendmail and bluetooth:</li>
 +
chkconfig sendmail off
 +
chkconfig bluetooth off
 +
<li>Disable the firewall. Firewall is enabled by default which could be problematic for testing purpose systems. If desired, disable it using the following command:</li>
 
  chkconfig iptables off
 
  chkconfig iptables off
 
  chkconfig ip6tables off
 
  chkconfig ip6tables off
 +
<li>Or, if using a "minumum installation", install network utilities:</li>
 +
yum install telnet wget openssh-clients traceroute tcpdump
 +
<!--li>Enable IPv6 by deleting the following lines in /etc/modprobe.conf:</li>
 +
alias ipv6 off
 +
options ipv6 disable=1 -->
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
  
−
<li>Create a file /etc/vnx_root_fs_version to store version number and informacion about modifications:</li>
+
<li>Create a file /etc/vnx_rootfs_version to store version number and informacion about modifications:</li>
 
<pre>
 
<pre>
−
VER=v0.21
+
VER=v0.25
−
OS=CentOS 5.6
+
OS=CentOS 6.5
−
DESC=Basic CentOS 5.6 root-filesystem without GUI
+
DESC=Basic CentOS 6.5 root-filesystem without GUI
 
</pre>
 
</pre>
−
<li>Create a script named /usr/local/bin/vnx_halt:</li>
+
<li>Finally, stop the virtual machine with:</li>
−
<pre>
 
−
#!/bin/bash
 
−
echo "** Cleaning yum cache..."
 
−
yum clean all
 
−
echo "** Deleting /etc/resolv.conf..."
 
−
rm -f /etc/resolv.conf
 
−
echo "** Cleaning command history...."
 
−
rm -f /root/.bash_history
 
−
while true; do
 
−
    # Ask for a message to save in /etc/vnx_root_fs_version file
 
−
    echo    "** Save a log message in /etc/vnx_root_fs_version file "
 
−
    echo -n "** describing the modifications done? "
 
−
    read -n 1 -p "[y/n] " answer
 
−
    echo ""
 
−
    case $answer in
 
−
        [Yy]* )
 
−
                echo "** Log message (1 line maximum):"
 
−
                read logmsg
 
−
                DATE=`date`
 
−
                echo "MODDATE=$DATE" >> /etc/vnx_root_fs_version
 
−
                echo "MODDESC=$logmsg" >> /etc/vnx_root_fs_version
 
−
                break;;
 
−
        [Nn]* ) break;;
 
−
        * )    echo "** Error: please answer 'y' or 'n'.";;
 
−
    esac
 
−
done
 
−
echo ""
 
−
echo "** Halting the system..."
 
−
halt
 
−
</pre>
 
−
<li>Give the script execution permissions:</li>
 
−
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/vnx_halt
 
−
<li>Stop the machine with that script:</li>
 
 
  vnx_halt
 
  vnx_halt
 +
''vnx_halt'' deletes some caches and log files and optionally lets you write a short message to ''/etc/vnx_rootfs_version file'' describing the latest modifications done.
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
  
 
== Installing additional software ==
 
== Installing additional software ==
  
−
To install additional software or modify your root file system, you just have to start it as described above and make the operations required on the filesystem.
+
To install additional software or to modify your root file system, you just have to:
−
* Start the virtual machine (directly using virsh or the vnx_modify_rootfs utility):
+
<ul>
−
  /usr/share/vnx/bin/vnx_modify_rootfs root_fs_centos.xml
+
<li>Start a virtual machine from it:</li>
−
* Install the software:
+
vnx --modify-rootfs vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2
−
  yum install ...
+
<li>Check network connectivity. Maybe you have to activate the network interface by hand:</li>
−
* Stop the machine with:
+
  dhclient eth1
 +
Note: use "ip link show" to know which network interface to use.
 +
<li>Do the modifications you want.</li>
 +
<li>Finally, halt the system using:</li>
 
  vnx_halt
 
  vnx_halt
 +
</ul>
 +
 +
== Updating VNXACED ==
 +
 +
You can automatically update the VNXACE daemon with the following command:
 +
vnx --modify-rootfs vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2 --update-aced -y
 +
 +
== Known issues ==
  
−
== Known problems ==
+
<ul>
 +
<li>When executing commands using vnx "--exe" option in virtual machines configured with exec_mode="cdrom", traces like the followinf appear on the consoles:</li>
 +
<pre>
 +
hdb: tray open
 +
end_request: I/O error, dev hdb, sector 8388352
 +
</pre>
 +
They are generated as a result of mount command execution by the VNX daemon. Commands are correctly executed. To be further investigated.
 +
</ul>

Latest revision as of 01:25, 3 November 2016

How to create a KVM CentOS root filesystem for VNX

Basic installation

Follow this procedure to create a KVM CentOS based root filesystem for VNX. The procedure has been tested with CentOS 5.6, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5 and 7.0.

  • Create the filesystem disk image:
    • qemu-img create -f qcow2 vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2 20G
  • Get CentOS installation DVD (we recommend to use the complete DVD; the LiveDVD version does not include the customization menu to choose among different installation profiles: minimal, desktop, etc). For example:
    • wget ftp://ftp.rediris.es/mirror/CentOS/X.X/isos/i386/CentOS-X.X-i386-bin-DVD1.iso
cp CentOS-X.X-i386-bin-DVD1.iso /almacen/iso

    Note: latests versions of CentOS are distributed in two DVDs. However, only the first DVD is needed for basic installations; no need to download DVD2.

  • Create the virtual machine with:
    • vnx --create-rootfs vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2 --install-media /almacen/iso/CentOS-X.X-i386-bin-DVD1.iso --mem 768M

    Note: around 768M of memory are needed to use the graphical installation assistant. With the textual assistant the memory requirements are lower (known to work with 512M).

    Note: add "--arch x86_64" option for 64 bits virtual machines

  • Follow the CentOS installation assistant. At some point, you will have to choose among different system profiles: Desktop, Minimal Desktop, Minimal, Basic Server, etc.
  • Once the installation is finished and the installer asks for rebooting the system, just stop the virtual machine using "virsh destroy ..." command and continue with the configuration phase.

Configuration

  • Restart the system with the following command:
    • vnx --modify-rootfs vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2 --update-aced --mem 768M

    Note: ignore the errors "timeout waiting for response on VM socket". Note2: 768M are needed if you are installing a root filesystem with desktop interface; 512M are enough for a text version.

  • Configure the serial console:
    • For CentOS 5.X and 6.X, following these instructions.
    • For CentOS 7.X, by executing:
      • grubby --update-kernel=ALL --args="console=ttyS0"
  • Delete the net udev rules file and reboot the system:
    • rm /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
halt
  • Once started, access the system through the text console to easy the copy-paste of commands:
    • virsh console vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2
  • Check that you have network connectivity. Maybe you have to activate the network interface by hand:
    • dhclient eth1

    Note: use "ip link show" to know which network interface to use.

  • Install daemonize package (e.g. for CentOs 7; change url to whatever version corresponds):
    • yum install https://kojipkgs.fedoraproject.org//packages/daemonize/1.7.7/1.el7/x86_64/daemonize-1.7.7-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
  • Update the system and install additional packages
    • yum update
yum install perl perl-XML-LibXML perl-NetAddr-IP acpid perl-Sys-Syslog

    Note: if you get a dependencies error when installing LibXML package, try installing 'perl-XML-SAX' package instead.

  • Install VNX autoconfiguration daemon:
    • mount /dev/sdb /mnt/
perl /mnt/vnxaced-lf/install_vnxaced
  • Optionally:
    • Disable the services you are not going to use to speed up the virtual machine startup (you can see the list of active services with "chkconfig --list"). For example to disable sendmail and bluetooth:
      • chkconfig sendmail off
chkconfig bluetooth off
    • Disable the firewall. Firewall is enabled by default which could be problematic for testing purpose systems. If desired, disable it using the following command:
      • chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig ip6tables off
    • Or, if using a "minumum installation", install network utilities:
      • yum install telnet wget openssh-clients traceroute tcpdump
  • Create a file /etc/vnx_rootfs_version to store version number and informacion about modifications:
    • VER=v0.25
OS=CentOS 6.5
DESC=Basic CentOS 6.5 root-filesystem without GUI
  • Finally, stop the virtual machine with:
    • vnx_halt

    vnx_halt deletes some caches and log files and optionally lets you write a short message to /etc/vnx_rootfs_version file describing the latest modifications done.

Installing additional software

To install additional software or to modify your root file system, you just have to:

  • Start a virtual machine from it:
    • vnx --modify-rootfs vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2
  • Check network connectivity. Maybe you have to activate the network interface by hand:
    • dhclient eth1

    Note: use "ip link show" to know which network interface to use.

  • Do the modifications you want.
  • Finally, halt the system using:
    • vnx_halt

Updating VNXACED

You can automatically update the VNXACE daemon with the following command: 

vnx --modify-rootfs vnx_rootfs_kvm_centos.qcow2 --update-aced -y

Known issues

  • When executing commands using vnx "--exe" option in virtual machines configured with exec_mode="cdrom", traces like the followinf appear on the consoles:
    • hdb: tray open
end_request: I/O error, dev hdb, sector 8388352

    They are generated as a result of mount command execution by the VNX daemon. Commands are correctly executed. To be further investigated.

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