Vnx-tutorial-dynamips

VNX Tutorial Ubuntu

(Work in progress....)

Description

VNX includes several example scenarios based on the VNUML tutorial scenario but including all types of virtual machines supported by VNX (see tutorial_*.xml files in /usr/share/vnx/examples directory).

The scenario presented here is made of 4 Ubuntu virtual machines (h1, h2, h3 and h4) and 2 dynamips virtual routers (r1 and r2) connected through three virtual networks. The host participates in the scenario having a network interface in Net3. All hosts use an Ubuntu server root filesystem.

Figure 1: tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips scenario topology

Starting the scenario

Start the scenario with:

cd /usr/share/vnx/examples/
sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v --create

You will see the six virtual machine consoles opening: a graphical one for h1, and textual consoles for the rest.

If you close the consoles, you can reopen the graphical console of h1 with:

sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v --console con0 -M h1

And the textual consoles of the rest with:

sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v --console con1 -M <vmname>

being <vmname> the name of the virtual machine.

You can also open the consoles manually with the commands shown at the end of vnx execution:

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Scenario "tutorial_ubuntu" started

 VM_NAME     | TYPE                | CONSOLE ACCESS COMMAND
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 h1          | libvirt-kvm-linux   | con0:  'virt-viewer -c qemu:///system h1' or 'vncviewer :0'
             |                     | con1:  'virsh -c qemu:///system console h1' or 'screen /dev/pts/0'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 h2          | libvirt-kvm-linux   | con0:  'virt-viewer -c qemu:///system h2' or 'vncviewer :6'
             |                     | con1:  'virsh -c qemu:///system console h2' or 'screen /dev/pts/12'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 r1          | libvirt-kvm-linux   | con0:  'virt-viewer -c qemu:///system r1' or 'vncviewer :7'
             |                     | con1:  'virsh -c qemu:///system console r1' or 'screen /dev/pts/13'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 r2          | libvirt-kvm-linux   | con0:  'virt-viewer -c qemu:///system r2' or 'vncviewer :8'
             |                     | con1:  'virsh -c qemu:///system console r2' or 'screen /dev/pts/14'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 h3          | libvirt-kvm-linux   | con0:  'virt-viewer -c qemu:///system h3' or 'vncviewer :9'
             |                     | con1:  'virsh -c qemu:///system console h3' or 'screen /dev/pts/22'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 h4          | libvirt-kvm-linux   | con0:  'virt-viewer -c qemu:///system h4' or 'vncviewer :10'
             |                     | con1:  'virsh -c qemu:///system console h4' or 'screen /dev/pts/23'
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

You can show the previous table at any time with:

sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v --console-info

See VNX Console Management for more details.

Executing commands

You can start the web servers in h3 and h4 with:

sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v -x start-www -M h3,h4

This command will execute on h3 and h4 the commands defined by means of <exec> and <filetree> tags and marked with seq="start-www".

For example, for h3 virtual machine:

<filetree seq="start-www" root="/var/www">conf/tutorial_ubuntu/h3</filetree>
<exec seq="start-www" type="verbatim" ostype="system">chmod 644 /var/www/*</exec>
<exec seq="start-www" type="verbatim" ostype="system">service apache2 start</exec>

Once you have started the web servers, you can connect to them from the host or from h1 by opening a web navigator and loading http://10.0.2.2.

Additionally, you can start a firefox navigator in h1 automatically using vnx (login into h1 with vnx/xxxx or root/xxxx before executing the command):

sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v -x www-h3

And stop (kill) it with:

sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v -x www-h3-off

Both commands are defined in the XML with:

   <exec seq="www-h3"    type="verbatim" ostype="xexec">firefox http://10.0.2.2</exec>
   <exec seq="www-h3-off" type="verbatim" ostype="system">pkill firefox</exec>

Figure 2: tutorial_ubuntu screen capture

Stopping the scenario

To stop the scenario preserving the changes made inside virtual machines you have to use the "-d" or "--shutdown" option:

sudo vnx -f simple_ubuntu-gui.xml -v --shutdown

You can later restart the scenario with:

sudo vnx -f simple_ubuntu-gui.xml -v --create

To stop the scenario discarding all the changes made in the virtual machine use the "-P" or "--destroy" option:

sudo vnx -f simple_ubuntu-gui.xml -v --destroy

Other interesting options

You can restart the virtual machines individually with:

sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v --shutdown -M h1
sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v --create -M h1

You can suspend and restore a virtual machine with:

sudo vnx -f simple_ubuntu-gui.xml -v --suspend -M h1
sudo vnx -f simple_ubuntu-gui.xml -v --resume -M h1

You can see a graphical map of the virtual scenario using the --show-map option:

sudo vnx -f tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml -v --show-map

Figure 1: tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips scenario topology

tutorial_ubuntu-dynamips.xml scenario

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
VNX Sample scenarios
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Name:        tutorial_ubuntu
Description: A simple tutorial scenario made of 6 Ubuntu virtual machines (4 hosts: h1, h2, h3 and h4; 
             and 2 routers: r1 and r2) connected through three virtual networks. The host participates 
             in the scenario having a network interface in Net3.     

This file is part of the Virtual Networks over LinuX (VNX) Project distribution. 
(www: http://www.dit.upm.es/vnx - e-mail: vnx@dit.upm.es) 

Departamento de Ingenieria de Sistemas Telematicos (DIT)
Universidad Politecnica de Madrid
SPAIN
-->

<vnx xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="/usr/share/xml/vnx/vnx-2.00.xsd">
  <global>
    <version>2.0</version>
    <scenario_name>tutorial_ubuntu</scenario_name>
    <automac/>
    <vm_mgmt type="none" />
    <vm_defaults>
	    <console id="0" display="no"/>
	    <console id="1" display="yes"/>
    </vm_defaults>
  </global>

  <net name="Net0" mode="virtual_bridge" />
  <net name="Net1" mode="virtual_bridge" />
  <net name="Net2" mode="virtual_bridge" />
  <net name="Net3" mode="virtual_bridge" />

  <vm name="h1" type="libvirt" subtype="kvm" os="linux">
    <filesystem type="cow">/usr/share/vnx/filesystems/rootfs_ubuntu-gui</filesystem>
    <mem>384M</mem>
    <console id="0" display="yes"/>
    <console id="1" display="no"/>
    <if id="1" net="Net0">
      <ipv4>10.0.0.2/24</ipv4>
    </if>
    <route type="ipv4" gw="10.0.0.1">default</route>
    
    <filetree seq="vnxtxt" root="/tmp">conf/txtfile</filetree>

    <!-- Start xeyes application -->
    <exec seq="xeyes"     type="verbatim" ostype="xexec">xeyes</exec>

    <!-- Start xeyes application and wait until it is closed -->
    <exec seq="xeyes2"    type="verbatim" ostype="xsystem">xeyes</exec>

    <!-- Start gedit, maximize the window and show a text file -->
    <exec seq="vnxtxt"    type="verbatim" ostype="system">chmod 666 /tmp/vnx.txt</exec>
    <exec seq="vnxtxt"    type="verbatim" ostype="xexec">gedit /tmp/vnx.txt</exec>
    <exec seq="vnxtxt"    type="verbatim" ostype="xexec">sleep 3; wmctrl -r vnx.txt -b add,maximized_vert,maximized_horz</exec>
    <exec seq="vnxtxtoff" type="verbatim" ostype="system">pkill gedit; rm /tmp/vnx.*</exec>

    <!-- Start firefox and connect to h3 web server -->
    <exec seq="www-h3"    type="verbatim" ostype="xexec">firefox http://10.0.2.2</exec>
    <exec seq="www-h3-off" type="verbatim" ostype="system">pkill firefox</exec>

    <!-- Start calculator  -->
    <exec seq="calc"      type="verbatim" ostype="xexec">gcalctool</exec>
    <exec seq="calcoff"   type="verbatim" ostype="system">pkill gcalctool</exec>
   
  </vm>

  <vm name="h2" type="libvirt" subtype="kvm" os="linux">
    <filesystem type="cow">/usr/share/vnx/filesystems/rootfs_ubuntu</filesystem>
    <mem>128M</mem>
    <if id="1" net="Net0">
      <ipv4>10.0.0.3/24</ipv4>
    </if>
    <route type="ipv4" gw="10.0.0.1">default</route>
  </vm>

  <vm name="r1" type="libvirt" subtype="kvm" os="linux">
    <filesystem type="cow">/usr/share/vnx/filesystems/rootfs_ubuntu</filesystem>
    <mem>128M</mem>
    <if id="1" net="Net0">
      <ipv4>10.0.0.1/24</ipv4>
    </if>
    <if id="2" net="Net1">
      <ipv4>10.0.1.1/24</ipv4>
    </if>
    <if id="3" net="Net3">
      <ipv4>10.0.3.1/24</ipv4>
    </if>
    <route type="ipv4" gw="10.0.1.2">10.0.2.0/24</route>
    <forwarding type="ip" />
  </vm>

  <vm name="r2" type="libvirt" subtype="kvm" os="linux">
    <filesystem type="cow">/usr/share/vnx/filesystems/rootfs_ubuntu</filesystem>
    <mem>128M</mem>
    <if id="1" net="Net1" name="s1/0">
      <ipv4>10.0.1.2/24</ipv4>
    </if>
    <if id="2" net="Net2" name="e0/0">
      <ipv4>10.0.2.1/24</ipv4>
    </if>
    <route type="ipv4" gw="10.0.1.1">default</route>
    <forwarding type="ip" />
  </vm>

  <vm name="h3" type="libvirt" subtype="kvm" os="linux">
    <filesystem type="cow">/usr/share/vnx/filesystems/rootfs_ubuntu</filesystem>
   <mem>128M</mem>
   <if id="1" net="Net2">
      <ipv4>10.0.2.2/24</ipv4>
    </if>
    <route type="ipv4" gw="10.0.2.1">default</route>
    <!-- Copy the files under conf/tutorial_ubuntu/h3 to vm /var/www directory -->
    <filetree seq="start-www" root="/var/www">conf/tutorial_ubuntu/h3</filetree>
    <!-- Start/stop apache www server -->
    <exec seq="start-www" type="verbatim" ostype="system">chmod 644 /var/www/*</exec>
    <exec seq="start-www" type="verbatim" ostype="system">service apache2 start</exec>
    <exec seq="stop-www" type="verbatim"  ostype="system">service apache2 stop</exec>    
  </vm>
  
  <vm name="h4" type="libvirt" subtype="kvm" os="linux">
    <filesystem type="cow">/usr/share/vnx/filesystems/rootfs_ubuntu</filesystem>
    <mem>128M</mem>
    <if id="1" net="Net2">
      <ipv4>10.0.2.3/24</ipv4>
    </if>
    <route type="ipv4" gw="10.0.2.1">default</route>    
    <!-- Copy the files under conf/tutorial_ubuntu/h4 to vm /var/www directory -->
    <filetree seq="start-www" root="/var/www">conf/tutorial_ubuntu/h4</filetree>
    <!-- Start/stop apache www server -->
    <exec seq="start-www" type="verbatim" ostype="system">chmod 644 /var/www/*</exec>
    <exec seq="start-www" type="verbatim" ostype="system">service apache2 start</exec>
    <exec seq="stop-www" type="verbatim"  ostype="system">service apache2 stop</exec>    
  </vm>
  
  <host>
    <hostif net="Net3">
       <ipv4>10.0.3.2/24</ipv4>
    </hostif>
    <route type="ipv4" gw="10.0.3.1">10.0.0.0/16</route>
  </host>

</vnx>